Book Review - 1213 Words

Book Review by Martha Hall Findlay, March 2011 Approaching Public Administration – Core Debates and Emerging Issues Edited by Roberto P. Leone (Wilfrid Laurier University) and Frank L.K. Ohemeng (University of Ottawa); 2011, Emond Montgomery Publications I recommend this book to all Members of Parliament. I will go further, and suggest that it should be mandatory reading for all Ministers. As an MP, I was very pleased to be asked to read it and to provide my thoughts. As I responded when first asked to do this, â€Å"We are seeing some real challenges in our public administration, and this will encourage me to read a book that I know I should read, but which I might not otherwise rush to.† This is true, and therein lies a big challenge—this†¦show more content†¦The discipline that results from those forces, and how that affects all levels of management, does not naturally exist in government. The book has done a good job of offering the different perspectives to date, but I hope to see more discussion on how to combine the best of both worlds. It is telling that the essays discussing the role of the private sector in delivering public services are NOT part of this discussion, but found in a separate section of the book. My only comment on those chapters would be to suggest that our procurement processes need to evolve to better understand what is being asked for in terms of private delivery of services, why, and what limits there need to be. I hope to see more analysis comparing both theory and practice in this regard. As an MP, I particularly enjoyed the chapters addressing questions such as â€Å"Do Politicians Control Government?†, â€Å"Should the Bureaucracy be Politically Neutral?† and â€Å"Is Ministerial Responsibility a Dead Concept?† These go to the core of the relationship between, on the one side, the politicians and the policies they are mandated to implement by the people who elected them, and on the other side, the civil service, representing the need for a consistent, effective, efficient, reliable provision of the various services that over time we have deemed to be part of the public service. The essay by Tom Urbaniak, â€Å"Ministerial Responsibility: A Post Mortem† is based on a very blunt, butShow MoreRelatedBook Review : A Review Of A Book Review1431 Words   |  6 Pages Book reviews are just that: a review of a book. They can be used for news articles, blogs, or academic journals. A book review is more than just a book report. It can give the reader more of an insight into not just the book, but the author as well. Most authors write of what they know. For example, some authors have backgrounds in law enforcement so they write about cases they know or have worked. Other authors research groups of people, for example the Knights Templar, and write of whatRead MoreFor this assignment I read the book reviews Limits of Endurance ‘Defiant,’ by Alvin Townley; He700 Words   |  3 PagesFor this assignment I read the book reviews Limits of Endurance ‘Defiant,’ by Alvin Townley; He Accused ‘An Officer and a Spy,’ by Robert Harris; Breaking In ‘The Burglary,’ by Betty Medsger. For the book review Limits of Endurance ‘Defiant,’ by Alvin Townley the reviewer seem to have thought fondly of this book while writing majority positive things about this novel. The review He Accused which went over the novel ‘An Officer and a Spy,’ by Robert Harris seemed to be majority mixed to the pointRead MoreReview Of The Book Thief Essays1174 Words   |  5 PagesReview of: The Book Thief by Markus Zusak It seems sometimes like the market for young adult literature is written down to the readers, almost in a condescending manner. That is why a book like The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is so refreshing in this sea of cookie cutter romances and fantasies. While classified as a young adult novel, it deals with very serious themes. The book’s cover comes printed with this label: â€Å"It is 1939. Nazi Germany. The country is holding its breath. Death hasRead MoreBook Review: The Kite Runner Essay1110 Words   |  5 Pagesparents were killed and left him alone. All in all, the themes in this book shows us powerful messages. In addition, the author’s objective in this novel was probably to appeal to the reader’s emotion. In the book, there proves to many happy and sad moments. Such as when Amir finally got Baba to notice him a bit, and then there was the sad moment where Amir learned that Hassan has passed away. Also, the main conflict in this entire book was revolved around gaining acceptance and forgiveness from otherRead MoreBook Review : Gone Into History1183 Words   |  5 PagesDenise Kirkpatrick 12/8/2016 Essay 3 Gone into History What distinguishes a good read from great literature? James Patterson and Michael Ledwidge wrote a novel together named Gone, it was published in 2013 by the Hachette Book Group. Gone is an important piece of American Literature with their short, attention grabbing storylines. They use a colloquial style of writing that will have you feeling as if the story could be real, and their short chapters give an impression of it being fast paced andRead MoreReview : Book Review916 Words   |  4 Pageslargely ranged from mixed to positive, with criticism being much more nuanced and muted than the comment books and national press. Former Librarian of the United States Congress and Historian, Daniel Boorstin, was a notable exception, who led the charge against the exhibit commenting in the first guestbook that it was â€Å"perverse, historically inaccurate [and] destructive.† Most academic reviews were positive, especially praising the catalogue which provided considerably more nuance d and detailed analysisRead MoreBook Review822 Words   |  4 PagesBOOK REVIEW FREEDOM IS NOT FREE BY SHIV KHERA Submitted by: Particulars of the Book Title in full : Freedom is Not Free Written by : Shiv Khera Publisher : Macmillan India Ltd Price : Rs 295 Pages : 223 pages Aim 1. To review the book â€Å"FREEDOM IS NOT FREE â€Å"by Shiv Khera. AboutRead MoreBook Review1441 Words   |  6 PagesBOOK REVIEW COMPANY COMMAND THE BOTTOM LINE BY: JOHN G. MEYER,JR. IG ASSESSOR STUDENT OFFICER LT ABHISHEK SHARMA YO’S FD-1606 ‘B’ TP CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. About the author 3. About the book 4. Quality of presentation Read MoreBook Review : Book 903 Words   |  4 PagesFor this reading assignment we were reading chapters 1, 2, and 3, I find it helpful to me to read, take notes on and write out summaries as if this was two books. I will start off each time with Wes the author. As the book open we have Wes remembering a day that he and his older sister Nikki, were playing a game. Wes caught her and not knowing what to do, punched her in the face. Joy, Wes’ mother was very upset because Wes had hit a â€Å"girl†, and set him to his room. Wes’ father calmed Joy down byRead MoreBook Review1706 Words   |  7 PagesGagandeep Singh Book Review A thesis can be defined as something an author tries to prove to their audience. A History of the World in Six Glasses by Tom Standage provides a very brilliant thesis. Tom Standage’s thesis is to inform the audience reading the book about the six vital drinks that helped make up history. He explains this by showing how the drink influenced major events around the globe. He begins with beer which the oldest from the six drinks and ends with the youngest drink Coca-Cola

Analysis Of The Garden Of Eden - 1124 Words

In the traditional Church-inspired depiction of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden, Eve is responsible for taking the fruit and tempting Adam. In contrast, Michelangelo shows egalitarianism by depicting both Adam and Eve being equally responsible. Adam and Eve are not interacting with each other but are both taking the forbidden fruit from the tree. By employing traditional Jewish imagery in his â€Å"Temptation and Expulsion of Adam and Eve†, Michelangelo promoted a revolutionary change to the relationship between Christianity and Judaism. In depicting the serpent according to Jewish teachings, and portraying Adam and Eve as having the same responsibility towards the sin, Michelangelo reprimanded the Church’s failure to recognize Jewish origins. His goal was to teach people to be open to universal ideas towards religion and philosophy. The Fall of Man – Titian 1550 Titian was a painter of the Venetian School. Forty years after Michelangelo painted â€Å"The Fall and Expulsion of Adam and Eve†, Titian completed â€Å"The Fall of Man† (Appendix II). Titian’s painting became part of the collection of King Phillip II. It is now found in The Prado. Titian depicted the same scene as Michelangelo but in a different manner. In contrast to Michelangelo, Titian did not incorporate Jewish teachings but added much richer colors to his painting. In addition, Titian portrayed the thematic element of the serpent with a baby’s face and the thematic element of the relationship between Adam and EveShow MoreRelatedGarden Of Eden Analysis1620 Words   |  7 PagesThe story Garden of Eden introduces the first man and woman that God created. He put the two of them in a garden where they did not have to provide for themselves. God said everything that was in that garden they could use to their abilities except the tree of good and evil. Everything was perfect until Eve let the Devil bribe her into eating from the tree. Once God found out, he came to the garden looking for them. When they heard his voice they hid. Here is where the alienation comes in. God hadRead MoreAnalysis Of The Garden Of Eden978 Words   |  4 Pages The painting chosen to examine is The Garden of Eden by Francesco Solimena. This painting was created between 1725-30. The medium of the painting is oil on canvas. The scale, although not specified, appears to be about a couple feet high and a couple feet long. The general subject matter is Adam and Eve in the garden of Eden. It seems to be before they have discovered the forbidden fruit. The figures seem to be embracing everything the garden has to offer, they seem content and comfortable in theirRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Garden Of Eden 1521 Words   |  7 PagesPart A: †¢ Garden of Eden- Genesis 3:8 The Garden of Eden is what God made in order to place the first man ever created. God also grew beautiful tress in the garden, including the the tree of life and the three of knowledge of good and evil. †¢ Tower of Babel- Genesis 11:1-9 The Tower of Babel is a tower that was built in order to show that the people in the town can make a name for themselves, and not be moved all around different places on Earth. The top of the tower was built to reach heaven. †¢Read MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Garden Of Eden 1915 Words   |  8 PagesUpon entering the Garden of Eden, one will find a bountiful place where two naà ¯ve humans reside. Eden’s beauty surpasses the imaginable; it contains crystal rivers, friendly animals, and trees bearing wondrous fruit. Adam and Eve live under the care of God. Dwelling in this beautiful garden free from sin allows one to assume that Adam and Eve are created pure and good. However, free will prevents the pair from remaining sinless. Humans are not pure because of their ability to choose. Milton believesRead MoreAnalysis Of Fritz Lang s Metropolis And The Garden Of Eden 1955 Words   |  8 PagesFreder, in a lush garden surrounded by a harem of beautiful and scantily clad women. This scene was likened to the Garden of Eden by Jerold J. Abrams in The Dialectic Enlightenment in Metropolis (167), as Freder is happy and innocent while inside it, and knows nothing other than the heavenly world he was given. Ironically though, what leads to his â€Å"casting out† of the garden, is not a devilish figure, but rather an angelic one. He first spots Maria who takes children to the garden, referring to theRead MoreAnalysis Of Enuma Elish s The Garden Of Eden Essay2327 Words   |  10 Pages.. There was nothing ... nothing but Old Father Apsu and Mummu-Tiamat, Mother of All Living. This describes a series of Gods that were created and later gained wisdom leading to a similarity to Genesis presenting the tree of knowledge in the Garden of Eden and so says: Increasing in wisdom, in understanding and in ...strength. Apsu planned to destroy the gods to form a universe of order in a chaotic world. Ea is another god who kills Apsu to prevent what he had planned. Genesis also describes aRead MoreThe Use of Symbolism in Rappaccinis Daughter1295 Words   |  6 Pagesimagination, analysis, and poetic wording. His short stories are known for their originality and for their ability to provoke the readers thoughts. Although a large portion of his stories are allegories, Hawthornes preference is to draw more heavily on symbolism (Pennell 13). His use of symbols adds depth to his stories and helps to reveal different aspects of his characters. In Rappaccinis Daughter, Hawthorne uses symbolism to create a modern day tale of Adam and Eve in the Garden of Eden. ThereRead MoreThe Sacred Space And Sacred Spaces Forged By The Divine1582 Words   |  7 Pages36). Using a comparative analysis of biblical texts and scholarly articles, this paper will discuss how a sacred space, specifically Jerusalem, manifests itself through God’s choosing. Therefore Jerusalem is the holy dwelling place of the divine, because God chose it through his application of multiple hierophanies and his establishment of axes mundi within the city’s walls. Jerusalem as a sacred dwelling place is reflected though its similarities to the Garden of Eden, where God created the firstRead MoreHuman Sin in Boschs Garden of Delights Essay1569 Words   |  7 PagesHuman Sin in Boschs Garden of Delights Hieronymus Bosch, a Nertherlandish painter is known for his fantastic visual interpretations of hell, death sin and folly. Little is known about Bosch except that he spent his life in the provincial town of sHertogenbosch and that he died an old man in 1516. His work, full of weird and seemingly irrational imagery has proved so difficult to interpret that much of it despite the remarkable insights contributed by recent research, remains unsolved. This studyRead MoreAnalysis Of Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Great Gatsby 1579 Words   |  7 Pagestherefore his literature demonstrates it’s religion. For example, when Giovanni, the medical student, is observing Doctor Rappaccini’s garden. The first thing he notices is all the great vegetation. As he continues observing, he sees Rappaccini is touching the plants with gloves and he is being very careful not to inhale its fragrance. He wonders if this garden is the Eden of modern times in the following passage: Nevertheless, in spite of the deep intelligence on his part, there was no approach to intimacy

Disagreement Aid in Pursuit of Knowledge free essay sample

â€Å"The important thing in science is not so much to obtain new facts as to discover new ways of thinking about them.† William Lawrence Bragg The heart of science is an essential balance between two seemingly contradictory attitudes- an openness to new ideas, no matter how strange they may be, and the other is to be skeptical of all ideas, old and new. Theories in the sciences are built around hypotheses that are supported with evidence, and that corresponds to and is coherent with current knowledge. Most importantly, theories in the sciences must, by nature be able to be falsified. Theories by definition can never be proven completely right; at best, they can stay untouched by arguments of the opposition. As a result, throughout history, humans have been known to argue and disagree on just about everything. From religion to science and with a wide range of perspectives, it does not seem as if humans will agree and be on the same page as each other. Disagreement is central to the process. Disagreements in most cases are thought to be negative and quite often they are negative but it can be positive at the same time when it leads to the search of new knowledge. Logically, disagreements can lead to the pursuit of knowledge. I think that disagreement is necessary for a deeper understanding in all endeavors. If we only surround ourselves with those who agree with us then we will never stretch our minds or test our limitations. In natural sciences, it is very common for scientists to argue with one another regarding academic findings or theories because of their emotions. When a new theory is presented, scientists will immediately try to counter the theory, resulting in disagreements. They may disagree in terms of the set-up of experiment, methodology, data collection or analysis. These disagreements will result in new experiments or research being conducted by those who disagree, thereby aiding in the pursuit of knowledge. The pursuit of knowledge helps scientists to find problems and discover new evidence to improve their ideas. As a result, new evidence is available and more research can be made to refine a theory or idea. Since no ideas are complete, they can be changed as time goes by with new findings. An example would be the popular disagreement of creationism and the theory of evolution. Darwin disagreed with the theory of creationism leading to his pursuit of knowledge and his development of evolution. His disagreement resulted in his desire to answer his questions to satisfy his natural curiosity. Many people thought Darwin’s theory was blasphemy to the church and disregarded his theory. Despite these accusations, Darwin’s pursuits of knowledge lead to the discovery of natural selection and furthered knowledge. Without his disagreement of creationism, we would not have obtained the knowledge of natural selection. In the human sciences, disagreements also aids in the pursuit of knowledge. Disagreements may result in new research or it may be in the form of new ideas or perspectives. Due to the experiments not easily replicated in the human sciences, it is common to come up with alternatives points of views. So, the pursuit of knowledge can be aided by new views and theories as a disagreement to earlier views. Emotion and culture can elicit disagreement. This is more important in human science than natural science. People have different ways of viewing development. The two main economic disagreements include Keynesian economics and free-market economics by Hayek. The Keynes-Hayek Showdown has been popular in response to government involvement in the economy. Economists in different countries and within a same country often disagree about the correct method to deal with economic problems. Government and politics when they disagree, they will try to come up with different solutions. The new solution represents new knowledge developed in order to further research. Cultural background in the human sciences can highly influence disagreements and aid to the pursuit of knowledge. Take for example women’s rights and its development throughout the years. In the Victorian Era, culture played a role in which allowed society to view women as property and dependent upon a man to be able to make it in the world. Little attention was given to women since they did not have any rights. It took activists and reformers’ disagreement of male oppression to fight for their rights to vote and have a voice for themselves. Women such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott fought for women’s rights and formed the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Many campaigns were set up for women’s suffrage and took nearly 100 years to win that right. On August 26, 1920, the 19th Amendment to the Constitution was finally ratified, allowing all American women and declaring for the first time that they, like men, deserve all the rights and responsibilities of citizenship. If not for the disagreement of culture standards and challenging it, women would not have been able to receive the same rights as men. Due to the fact that the human mind is designed to believe in falsification, disagreement will never end with ideas or experiments. Different methodology, uncertainty and evaluation in natural science provide the new knowledge only if the result is more applicable than the previous theory. Once you have a working theory then you would expect your results to confirm your theory, which results in confirmation bias. For example, if you get a working theory that says that cells behave in a certain way then you will expect that you can make a prediction and it will be true. If it does not come true, this shows that your theory is wrong and your desire to prove your theory helps to drive your pursuit of knowledge. The more evidence you find to support your theory, the more confident you become that your theory is right. For example, Nicolaus Copernicus’ model of a sun-centered solar system was developed to prove Claudius Ptolemy’s model of an earth-centered solar system wrong. Copernicus’ disagreement aided his pursuit of knowledge and lead to his discovery of the earth revolving around the sun rather than the sun revolving around the earth. Through his disagreement, he was able to formulate the model accordingly to his evidence he gathered. Additionally, falsification allows scientists to research and develop new ideas to contribute to already discovered knowledge. The new ideas create a window for innovations to arise in the world through the discovered knowledge. While disagreements are good, too many disagreements can slow down the pursuit of knowledge in the sciences since perception can elicit disagreement. At some point, an agreement is required to allow conflicting theories to be put to rest in order to move on and pursue further knowledge of other subjects. Otherwise, researchers may not know which direction they should take and may end up confused with what to do. With too many disagreements, anomalies occur in the development of research and become questionable evidence. Additionally, science regulations would become strict since there is no agreement, which allows us to disregard all â€Å"accepted† knowledge in the sciences. The challenges of disagreement are the inability to believe theories presented to us since they are so frequently disagreed on. Too many alternative views can end up muddying the situation. Sometimes, much progress in the pursuit of knowledge can be achieved when we agree, then we can proceed much faster in the pursuit of knowledge. In most cases, it does not advance knowledge but restrict it from developing into something much more. Overall, I believe that disagreement between individuals is a key factor that unravels more knowledge learned than before. We all definitely have blind spots, and the different views of people may help us in achieving greater knowledge. However, it is only effective when based on reason as way of knowing. The disagreement makes you changes your model, your theory and it does not always prove the previous to be wrong it only shows that the new theory is more reliable. Falsification helps science to progress and is always followed by a pattern shift. I personally like disagreements simply because it helps me to gain new knowledge. Despite disagreement can become somewhat out of control, the conclusions achieved are definitely worth it. Therefore, in order to move on the next level in both natural and human science we need to disagree.

Osmosis Experiment Essay Example

Osmosis Experiment Essay Aim:- To find out what happens when potato chips are put in different strength sugar solutions.Prediction:- I think that the chips we place in the stronger solution will shorten in length. In the distilled water I think that the length will increase. The amount that the chips shorten will be determined by the strength of the solution, the weaker the solution the less they will shrink.Hypothesis:- Osmosis is the movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of lower water concentration. This happens in our experiment because; the outer layer of the potato chips is a partially permeable membrane. These have tiny holes in them, which only water molecules can get through. Inside the potato chips there are sugar molecules and a few water molecules.If we place the potato chip in a water solution because the water molecules in the chip and in the water are bouncing around they are going to find there way through the holes. But because there are more water molecules on the out side in the solution there are going to be more molecules going through into the chip tan out of it, because of this the chip will increase in size. The sugar molecules are much larger and are unable to pass through the partially permeable membrane. Take a look at the picture below.Preliminary Work:- In our preliminary work we used a partially permeable membrane, which in this experiment was Visking Tubing, filled with a sugar solution. In the top of the Visking tubing we placed a tube, then placed it in a beaker of water. The water molecules diffused into the Visking Tubing through Osmosis, because the sugar molecules in the Visking Tubing are to large to pass through the partially permeable membrane the contents of the tubing gets larger and the solution makes its way up the tube in the top of the Visking Tubing.Method:- We will cut up 10 pieces of potato to the same length, which will be 3.5cm, there will be ten pieces so that we can do each strength twice. The potato chips will all be measured using the same ruler so if the ruler is out, all the potato chips will have the same amount out. They will all be taken from the same potato so we know the have the same water and sugar content. We will be uses the strengths: Distilled water, 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, and 1.0m. Using test tubes we will put one piece of potato in each, then we will 6ml of solution to the tube. Then we will put them in a test tube rack and leave for 1 hour at the minimum to get the best results. If we leave it for to long the potato chips start to go rotten. We will take each one twice so that we can get an average.Safety:- If we spill any of the solutions on the floor we will have to clean it up straight away otherwise someone could slip over on it and serious injure themselves. Also we should be careful when using the scalpel because it will be very sharp.The results table we will Use:-ConcentrationTry 1BeforeTry1AfterTry 2BeforeTry 2AfterAve rageDistilled Water0.2m0.4m0.6m1.0mObtaining EvidenceAim :-To find out what happens when potato chips are put in different strength sugar solutions.Prediction and Hypothesis :-Same as in the planMethod :- As PlannedLength Of Potato StickConcentration (m)Try 1Length Before (mm)Try 1Length After (mm)Try 2Length Before (mm)Try 2Length After(mm)Average Length After (mm)Change in the length of chip (mm)Distilled Water3537353637+20.2353635343600.43535353334-10.63533353333-21.03532353131-3Equation to work out the average = Try 1 After x Try 2 After / 2= Average AfterAnalysisScientific Explanation :- Osmosis is the movement of water across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of lower water concentration. This happens in our experiment because; the outer layer of the potato chips is a partially permeable membrane. These have tiny holes in them, which only water molecules can get through. Inside the potato chips there are sugar molecules and a few water molecules.If we place the potato chip in a water solution because the water molecules in the chip and in the water are bouncing around they are going to find there way through the holes. But because there are more water molecules on the out side in the solution there are going to be more molecules going through into the chip tan out of it, because of this the chip will increase in size. The sugar molecules are much larger and are unable to pass through the partially permeable membrane.From looking at the graph and the table of results I can see that Osmosis has taken place in this experiment. I know this because if we look at the distilled water we can see that water molecules have moved through the partially permeable membrane of the potato chips in to an area of lower water concentration, we can tell this because the chip has increased in length. Then if we have a look at the 0.6m concentration we can see that this chip has decreased in length, so again we can see osmosi s has taken place because the water molecules from inside the potato chip have more from the high concentration of water molecules to the lower level of concentration.EvaluationOur experiment on the whole was a success with no problems all the way through. As far as we can tell our experiment was scientifically sound. We didnt have any major anomalies in our set of results, but we did have a few off the line of best fit. If you look back at my graph you will see that there are two, the 0.4m and the 1.0m, these could have been caused by, us not measuring them as accurately as we did with all the other ones, these two could have had less solution than the other ones or they could have been a different size to the other chips.I think that in this experiment we should have had a continuous concentration level, by this I mean that it shouldnt of gone: Distilled water, 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 1.0m. There should have been a 0.8m in there to give us more accurate readings. We can predict from our graph what it should be but that is exactly an accurate way of doing it.To follow up this experiment with another experiment I would do the same thing again but this time I would use more concentrations, they would be distilled water, 0.1m, 0.2m, 0.3m, 0.4m, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9, 1.0m. This would give us a more accurate reading. Also to get a more accurate reading I would do each one 5 times to get a much better average over all 5. I would then plot these into the same table as I have done is this experiment and then draw to different types of graphs, to get a better look at my results.

Garbage Pollution

Garbage Pollution Introduction Human activities are largely attributed to the loss of the planet’s biodiversity. The impact of man on the environment is so enormous since he has facilitated the rate of species extinction a thousand to ten thousand times the normal rate (Derraik, 2002). The extinction of marine life for instance, has been accelerated by waste debris and the global climatic variations.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Garbage Pollution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The twenty first century has been marked by a dramatic technological advancement that has uplifted the standard of living. However, this has also come with a great cost since the materials produced are difficult to dispose without affecting the environment. Plastic bags, household garbage and electronic waste are such products, which have posed a great risk to the environment since the means of disposing them is difficult (Derraik, 2002). Th esis: Garbage remains are a burning problem that we have to face today. It is close to everyone who lives in the world because we product trash every day. In most of the world, we do one of two things with our ordinary garbage: burn it or bury it. Neither one is good for us or for the environment. Burning garbage in incinerators releases dangerous gases and dust which contribute to global warming and pollute lakes, forests. How to reduce the garbage remains become a big issue for everyone. Land Pollution Typical house hold waste contains papers, cardboards, chlorine-bleached plastics, foils, food scraps and batteries (EPA, 2011). Averagely, in the U.S, a single person can produce 3.72 pounds garbage daily, where 40% of 50 million people living in the non-metropolitan region of the nation are estimated to burn their waste (backyard burning), while 63% of the total daily garbage is incinerated in burn barrels. As a result, more than 1.8 billion pounds of garbage from household is inci nerated in burn barrels annually (MDEQ, 2005). According to Hill (2010 p.345), more than ‘500 billion one-time-use plastic bags’ are used annually in the world and end up being littered ubiquitously to comprise waste/misuse. At the same time, plastics are non-biodegradable and burying them only destroys the ecosystem, posing a hazard to marine ecosystems. Plastics are polymeric, highly non-biodegradable and persist for a long time in the natural environments (Hill, 2010). Electronic wastes/e-waste comprises of discarded electronic appliances such as computers, phones, TV, and fringes. These are hazardous when improperly disposed in landfills or when incinerated. For instance, the Cathode Ray Tubes (CRT) present in televisions contains phosphors and lead that contaminates the land and water if improperly disposed, or when there is transfer of the ash from the incinerators. Such landfills contaminate the surrounding soil which in turn contaminates the underground water (M DEQ, 2005). Air Pollution Plastics are derivatives of fossils fuels with varied chemical properties hence, complicating the recycling process. Therefore, burning garbage particularly the ones containing plastics, pollute the atmosphere through emission of toxic gases. Many have volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) such as chlorine/bromine that are released on burning and destroy the ozone layer.Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Carbon dioxide and monoxide released from burning organic matter also accumulates in the atmosphere. Ultimately, they deplete the ozone layer resulting to global warming, which is the chief facilitator of climate change (MDEQ, 2005). PVC in particular, releases dioxin upon burning. Dioxin is an organic chemical, which has detrimental health effects when inhaled since they are carcinogenic and bio-accumulative. Incineration emits flue g as that contains hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) such as carbon monoxide and dioxide, nitrogen oxides, benzene, styrene, dioxins, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), furans as well as heavy metals like lead, arsenic and mercury, which significantly pollute the environment (MDEQ, 2005). Burn barrels release smoke containing hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde, which irritates the respiratory system and eyes. Formaldehyde is present in pressed wood and paints. On the other hand, bleached papers and plastics contain chlorine, which releases dioxins when combusted with other garbage at minimal temperatures. Dioxins cause cancer, immune system dysfunction and birth defects (EPA, 2011). On the same note, statistics from 2002 to 2004 indicates that backyard and barrel burning comprised 57% of the source of furans and dioxins (U.S. Department of Health, 2011; EPA, 2011). More so, combusting garbage with synthetic materials emits heavy metals that are carcinogenic and implicated with some birth defects. Combusting polystyrene polymers present in foam cups and plastic packaging produce styrene gas that can pass through skin as well as lungs and mucous membranes to cause damage to the central nervous system (U.S. Department of Health, 2011). Water Pollution Some plastics and electronic wastes go ahead to breakdown into simpler toxic products that pollute the underground as well as the running water when buried or left to litter in dumpsites. After incineration of electronic wastes and plastics, the ashes finally find their way in rivers and lakes thus posing a hazard to marine life. Mercury, dioxins, Furans and PCBs bioaccumulate in the ecosystem and therefore, they are transferred through the food chain. When plastics pile together due to poor disposal, they clog drainages and sewers leading to floods, where mosquitoes and other pathogens breed causing poor sanitation with serious health implications (Derraik, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Garbage Pollution specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The ash from incinerators may contain hazardous products, which when buried or placed in the landfills, contaminate the soil. Mostly, they contain heavy metals most of which are carcinogenic e.g. cadmium, lead mercury from batteries as well as chromium and arsenic from treated wood. These accumulate in plants or contaminate ground and running water. Garbage debris moves to the oceans, killing the marine life such as zooplankton and marine turtles. Garbage discarded in beaches and from ships into the waterways or through fishing nets could ultimately be eaten by marine life, obscuring their digestive systems. Some are strangled, entangled or trapped by the debris causing the organisms to drown/starve, become exposed to predators or unable to hunt their prey. These are some of deleterious impacts of marine debris facilitated by garbage littering, which jeopardize the existence of th ese organisms (Derraik, 2002). The ingested plastics also contain polychlorinated biphenyls that are hazardous to invader species. Moreover, the marine ecosystems also face the danger of hypoxia/anoxia, due to garbage debris that imbalance its usual functioning (Derraik, 2002). Solutions and Recommendations The economic implications of garbage cannot be ignored since enormous amount of money is spent in clearing and treating the litter, addressing public health concerns and recycling. International legislations and cooperation should be oriented towards conserving the environment through proper disposal of garbage, recycling of plastic and use of alternative packaging that are biodegradable or long lasting bags that can be reused severally. Moreover, public awareness should be enhanced through education of the wider community through the school curriculum. International relations facilitated by the concept of ‘Thinking globally and acting locally’ significantly address the environmental threat posed by garbage disposal (Derraik, 2002). Garbage pollution can be managed through recycling measures or banning of plastic bags used in packaging. Alternative ecofriendly means of packaging should be drafted while high taxes should be imposed on the manufacturer and consumers of these plastics. Electronic waste can also be recycled and refurbished. ‘Reduce’, ‘Reuse’ and ‘Recycle’ are the 3Rs that go a long way in handling the issue of garbage. Pre-cycle entails selecting items that are less packaged or those that can be reused. Reuse of old papers, plastic bags and cans, offering old clothes for charity as well as using a coffee mug rather than disposable cups is crucial. Reduce, refers to minimizing the household garbage through purchasing economy packs and avoiding wastage of papers. Recycling of plastics and papers, cardboards and even e-waste should be upheld (U. S. Department of Health, 2011).Advertising Looking for research paper on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Biodegradable garbage should be left to decompose in a composite pit while the rest should be placed in licensed landfills. To sum it all, backyard burning should be regulated in all countries particularly in the rural regions since it does not only pollute the air but also comprises a significant emission of toxic residue that poses a high risk to the public health and more so, decrease the quality of life. Burn barrels that facilitate incomplete combustion to emit very toxic compounds should be regulated. Therefore, licensed incinerators with filters and temperatures exceeding 1,800 degrees Fahrenheit to facilitate complete combustion, should be embraced to minimize hazardous emissions. References Derraik, J. G. (2002). The pollution of the marine environment by plastic debris: a review. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 44(9), 842-852. Hill, M. K. (2010). Understanding Environmental Pollution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ). (2 005). Backyard Burn Barrels Vs. Municipal Waste Combustors. Retrieved from https://www.michigan.gov/ U. S. Department of Health. (2011). Does Burning Trash Make it Disappear: Stop Backyard Burning. Retrieved from https://www.health.ny.gov/environmental/outdoors/air/trash.htm United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (2011). Outdoor Air Industry, Business, and Home: Backyard Trash Burning Additional Information. Retrieved from https://www.epa.gov/

9 Great Mark Twain Quotes on Travel, Writing, and Life

9 Great Mark Twain Quotes on Travel, Writing, and Life SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Mark Twain has been a household name since the nineteenth century. Known for the bestselling adventures of Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer, Twain has also gained popularity for the pithy words of wisdom he shared. Mark Twain's Biography Mark Twain grew up in the town of Hannibal, Missouri, which was the setting of both Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. Before he became a renowned author, Twain was an apprentice to a printer, then went on to be a typesetter for a newspaper company owned by Orion Clemens, his older brother. Twain attributed his later success in journalism and writing to his experiences working in mines and on riverboats. Christened by William Faulkner as â€Å"the father of American literature,† Twain authored some of the most popular works in American history, including A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, and more. 9 Great Mark Twain Quotes Mark Twain was known for his quotes about life, honesty, racism, productivity, and more. Here are some of the best Mark Twain quotes about life. Mark Twain Quotes About Honesty "If you tell the truth, you don't have to remember anything." â€Å"Mark Twain's Notebook" edited by Albert Paine. According to Mark Twain's quote on honesty, telling the truth saves you from the stress of having to remember the lives you’ve told. Life is easier, the air feels fresher, and stress melts away if you live your life simply and honestly. Mark Twain Quotes About Conflict "Whenever you find that you are on the side of the majority, it is time to pause and reflect." "Mark Twain's Notebook" edited by Albert Paine. In this quote, Mark Twain examines the value in swimming against the current. According to Twain, people that refuse to conform with the crowd become leaders, while others are followers. The quote asks the reader to consider: why stay with the crowd? What can be gained? What can be lost? Mark Twain Quotes About Conformity "Loyalty to petrified opinions never yet broke a chain or freed a human soul in this world - and never will." "Bite-Size Twain" by Mark Twain Like the previous quote, this quote highlights the futility of staying loyal to a thought or opinion that doesn't make sense. In fact, Twain goes so far as to say that sticking to ideas held in the past actively prevents progress. Mark Twain Quotes About Imagination "You can't depend on your eyes when your imagination is out of focus." "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" by Mark Twain This quote highlights the idea that your eyes are fallible: they’ll see what they want to see. If you want to see something, you’ll see it, even if it’s not already there. Mark Twain Quotes About Popularity "The best of us would rather be popular than right." "No. 44, the Mysterious Stranger" By Mark Twain This Mark Twain quote calls out one of humanity’s biggest faults: most of us would rather be beloved than correct. That desire for acceptance and appreciation drives us more than anything else. Mark Twain Quotes About Prejudice "I have no race prejudices nor caste prejudices nor creed prejudices. All I care to know is that a man is a human being, and that is enough for me; he can't be any worse." "Concerning the Jews" by Mark Twain This quote by Mark Twain highlights the writer’s view of prejudice. Twain indicates that all he cares about is whether or not someone is a human being. Nothing else matters. Mark Twain Quotes About Temptation "To promise not to do a thing is the surest way in the world to make a body want to go and do that very thing." "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" by Mark Twain This quote highlights a well-known conundrum: nothing makes you want to do something like being told you can’t do it. Mark Twain Quotes About Productivity "I must have a prodigious quantity of mind; it takes me as much as a week sometimes to make it up." "The Innocents Abroad" By Mark Twain Here, Twain highlights his tendency towards procrastination. He’s not the only one who avoids decision-making! Mark Twain Quotes About Travel "Travel is fatal to prejudice, bigotry, and narrow-mindedness, and many of our people need it sorely on these accounts. Broad, wholesome, charitable views of men and things cannot be acquired by vegetating in one little corner of the earth all one's lifetime." "The Innocents Abroad" By Mark Twain According to Twain, travel is the antidote for prejudice. When you see the world, you can’t help but open your eyes to different kinds of people. â€Å"It liberates the vandal to travel - you never saw a bigoted, opinionated, stubborn, narrow-minded, self-conceited, almighty mean man in your life but he had stuck in one place since he was born and thought God made the world and dyspepsia and bile for his especial comfort and satisfaction.† â€Å"The Wit and Wisdom of Mark Twain† by Mark Twain This quote follows a similar train of thought as the previous quote: travel helps people learn about and appreciate other peoples and cultures. Mark Twain Didn’t Say That There are plenty of quotes attributed to Mark Twain. There are also plenty of quotes inaccurately attributed to Mark Twain. Here are some of our favorite quotes that Mark Twain didn’t say: â€Å"If I had more time, I would have written a shorter letter.† â€Å"The secret of getting ahead is getting started.† "Be careful about reading health books. You may die of a misprint.† â€Å"Twenty years from now you will be more disappointed by the things you didn’t do than by the ones you did do.† â€Å"Never put off until tomorrow what you can do the day after tomorrow.† Mark Twain Quotes: Final Thoughts As a famed writer, it’s not surprising that so many of Mark Twain’s sayings have made it to present day. Did we include your favorites? Let us know in the comments. What's Next? Not sure what literary devices are or how to use them? Here are some in-depth posts on imagery, assonance, point of view, and personification that define these important terms and show you how to find them in literature. Learning to interpret poetry? Luckily, we have great resources for you! Check out this post that walks you through a complete analysis of the poem â€Å"Do not go gentle into that good night.† Have friends who also need help with test prep? Share this article! Tweet Hayley Milliman About the Author Hayley Milliman is a former teacher turned writer who blogs about education, history, and technology. When she was a teacher, Hayley's students regularly scored in the 99th percentile thanks to her passion for making topics digestible and accessible. In addition to her work for PrepScholar, Hayley is the author of Museum Hack's Guide to History's Fiercest Females. Get Free Guides to Boost Your SAT/ACT Get FREE EXCLUSIVE insider tips on how to ACE THE SAT/ACT. 100% Privacy. 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History The World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

History The World - Essay Example Competition for such resources as land marked top of the list. This is because the nomads made their temporary homes in favorable places. Being an arid area, water was scarce. Farmers always fought over the small rivers that provided water for the large numbers of tribes. In some cases, the nomads made the temporary homes along the rivers to feed and water their camels and other domestic animals. Other resources like pasture and climate contributed to the choice of temporary homes for the nomads. Again, the nomads held a notion that the settled communities were rich and had lots of private property. This led to raids and theft marking another cause of resentment. Skirmishes erupted from these raids and increased theft hence the war in Darfur. Illiteracy and poor conflict resolution skills led to increased fights among these two communities; hence the negative attitudes. According to Skuratowicz (4), Sudan’s pastoralist and nomadic thing has become more of a way of life than a choice. This has been caused by the tough climatic factors that the country faces ever since. Nomads and the already settled communities fight over grazing rights of their animals. The local governance has not been strong enough to help solve problems caused when nomads find way through the farmers land, and has led to even more conflicts and negative attitudes. Even though it is their duty to solve the problems and see to the needs of the citizens, it is almost evident that someone is sleeping on their job towards working against these causes of conflict and negative attitudes. In addition, during the colonization time, the colonizers grabbed and owned the best land then. This led to fights between the colonizers and the colonized. The people of Sudan are nomads in their own land. This is another obvious cause of resentment towards the settlers despite the fact that some obtained those fertile lands in a legitimate systematic way as is noted by